What Is Cartilage Damage?

Cartilage is the smooth, protective tissue covering the ends of bones in the joints. When it becomes damaged through injury, wear-and-tear, or degenerative conditions, the joint may become painful, swollen, or stiff.
Cartilage cannot heal easily on its own due to its limited blood supply.

When Is Cartilage Surgery Needed?

Surgery may be recommended when:

• Symptoms persist despite rest and physiotherapy.

• Pain affects daily activities or exercise.

• Imaging shows significant cartilage damage.

• A patient wants long-term improvement rather than short-term relief.

Common Surgical Techniques

Depending on the nature of the injury, surgery may include:

• Debridement – smoothing damaged cartilage.

• Microfracture – stimulating healing by creating tiny holes in the bone.

• Cartilage grafting – transplanting healthy cartilage to damaged areas.

• Advanced regenerative techniques depending on suitability.

Benefits of Cartilage Surgery

• Reduces pain and swelling.

• Improves mobility and stability.

• Slows the progression of degenerative joint changes.

• Helps prolong joint health for active individuals.

Recovery & Rehabilitation

• Weight-bearing may be restricted initially.

• Physiotherapy strengthens the surrounding muscles and restores motion.

• Full recovery varies widely from 3–6 months or longer depending on the procedure.

Our Cape Town practice provides advanced surgical care and personalised rehabilitation plans to optimise long-term joint health and mobility.